The Expansion Of Commerce During The Industrial Revolution

Frank Stump Professor Withers Western Civilization II 1/29/17 Changing Times Without change, growth is challenging. Without failure, succeeding isn’t attainable. The demand for more seems to bring out the inhumane values one strives to gain and acquire throughout life. The Industrial Revolution brought change to the culture of life to those who lived through it, and it also brought changes to those who would come to be in the years after its pass. The Revolution enhanced the lives of some, while it suppressed the life of other’s, and its impact is what has formed the culture of life as we know it. The expansion of commerce was a key factor in the beginning stages of the start of the Industrial Revolutions. The replacement of the feudal†¦show more content†¦This opened the door for inventors to advance the means of transportation. Canals that were dug allowed for a better connection to the main waterway’s and thus increased the outlets of transportations. From the steamboat that was invented by Robert Fulton to the locomotive tha t George Stephenson invented, more goods could be distributed. Cities grew fast due to the influx of civilians that were looking for work. The invention of machines in factories helped to alleviate some of the physical labor that prior workers had to endure. Although the invention of machines helped workers in a sense, being a factory worker also meant that the once independent farm worker now was mandated as to when he or she was to work and for how long. These types of independences had been taken away by the needs and demands of the factory one was employed at. The living conditions also changed. Most of the employees lived in the ghettos that were close to the factories. They were tightly packed with other workers who came to city looking for work. The moral of skilled artisans fell as they once their own bosses in a sense, had to obey the rules of the factory. Their individualistic skills were no longer a major importance, as they were a product of the factory. They were a ser vant to machines that they ran. Workers were treated unfair since governmentShow MoreRelated The European Expansion and its Effects on the World Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesThe growth of commerce and industry led to the technological advances, which in turn stimulated, and were stimulated by science.† (p. 403) The European scientific revolution was fueled by the blending of â€Å"liberal† and â€Å"servile† arts, in other words, science and technology. Because of the European expansion taking place throughout the world, new commerce and industries were advancing, creating the need for new technology and science. 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Being A Sixth Grade Mean Girl - 1499 Words

On Being a Sixth Grade Mean Girl Squeals pierce my eardrums as little girls talk about â€Å"loving† their boyfriends. The overbearing scent of Axe radiates off of every arrogant schoolboy who gallivants across the grounds and stops at my locker. Gossip flutters around me, seducing me into its inescapable vice. Such was Memorial Middle School when I first debuted in August, 2011. Going into sixth grade, I was the most popular girl in school. Although I may have had ebony hair and bubblegum lips, there was no hiding the ugliness of who I was: the meanest girl in school. I hadn’t always been that girl; for two years I was the opposite, a victim of excruciating cruelty. In third grade, I was placed into the Enrichment program, a group of five†¦show more content†¦I loved to read, so I was a nerd; I used words they couldn’t understand, so I was a freak. Soon enough, I started to believe them; by the conclusion of fourth grade, I felt worthless. When I learne d that I would be transferring schools, I saw redemption. That summer, I exchanged novels for magazines; I went on extreme diets to lose weight as if cutting pounds could cut the memories of abuse from my head. Going into fifth grade, I found myself googling â€Å"How to be Normal† in an attempt to abandon my identity; fifteen pounds and a miniskirt later, I had all but done so. By maintaining a facade of â€Å"normalcy†, I became instantly popular, and I gained influence that I had never thought possible. Girls looked to me for advice on everything from boys to hairstyles, and I reveled in my â€Å"superiority†. Thus, when sixth grade arrived, I was a bully; I became the people who had tormented me. I was deliberately vicious, ridiculing anyone who didn’t fit the impossible standard I used to hide my insecurities. I slashed people down and used their broken pieces to repair myself. The girl I had been seemed permanently lost to the monster I had become-u ntil Julia. Julia was everything I secretly longed to be: beautiful, brilliant, and unapologetically compassionate. She was my first friend in Mentor, but I rapidly abandoned her upon realizing that she was â€Å"unpopular†. That is where our contact ended; simply ignoring her meant that no harm came to

Entry Barriers in Liquor Industry Free Essays

ENTRY BARRIERS IN LIQUOR INDUSTRY When a new firm enters into an industry it can affect all of the firms that are currently in that industry. â€Å"new entrants to an industry bring new capacity, the desire to gain market share, and often substantial resources. Prices can be bid down or incumbents cost inflated as a result, reducing profitability. We will write a custom essay sample on Entry Barriers in Liquor Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now †24Therefore as new firms enter into an industry the entire industry’s potential for sustained profits is reduced due to the increased amount of competition in that industry. Some factors help reduce the threat of entry as they act as barriers that prevent new firms from entering into an industry. These factors include economies of scale, product differentiation, capital requirements, access to distribution channels, and government regulations. When these factors reduce the threat of entry, the profit potential for the industry increases. Economies of Scale. Economies of scale is defined as the â€Å"declines in unit costs of a product as the absolute volume per period increase† Therefore the greater quantity of a product that is produced the lower the cost of each will be to the producer. This creates an advantage for a high volume producer like those seen in the brewing industry. Economies of scale in the brewing industry also exist in areas other than in production and these include purchasing, distribution, and advertising. For example, national brewers achieve economies of scale in advertising through bulk media purchases and umbrella brand marketing. Local-craft brewers spend more than twice that spent by large brewers on marketing and advertising per barrel. 25 One company in particular, which is Anheuser-Busch, has done an extremely good job in exploiting the economies of scale that are present in the brewing industry. Anheuser-Busch has been able to leverage its 45 percent U. S. market share into 75 percent of the industry’s operating profits through significant economies of scale in the areas of raw material procurement, manufacturing efficiency and marketing. †26 As shown here there are substantial economies of scale available in the national beer brewing industry. This is a good factor for firms that are currently in the industry as the y can take advantage of these unit cost breaks and while doing so also discourage the entry of new firms into the industry. Product Differentiation. in general, people cannot tell the difference between brands of beer. Second, more expensive brands do not cost proportionately more to make than â€Å"economy† beer. Capital Requirements. The capital requirements necessary to compete on the national level against the established firms are extremely high. These high costs of operation and construction expenses act as a barrier to entry for firms that are considering trying to compete in this industry on the highest level. Access to Distribution Channels. When a new firm is trying to enter into an industry it can find that existing competitors may have ties with [distribution] channels based on long relationships. Government Regulation. The government’s excise policy is subject to a lot of sudden changes. The manufacturers sometimes just need to get their L-1 licenses renewed and at times they need to apply afresh, like in the year 2001. In 1993, the L-1 license holders were allowed to set up 5 ‘dedicated’ shops in Delhi in which they could sell their approved brands in addition to having them sold in the government retail shops. The policy was withdrawn in an ad-hoc manner in 1994. On being questioned about the effects of this policy, an official in one of the country’s leading breweries said that the introduction of this policy had led to an increase in their revenue by almost 30% which they have lost out on since the policy got crushed. Recently, the government’s policy to open up 45 private liquor shops was quashed by the cabinet, because it meant that the MLA’s power in the issue of a no-objection certificate for the setting up of a retail outlet would be questioned. Had this policy been implemented, the government would have earned Rs. 7. 5 lakhs on each vend as license fees annually. How to cite Entry Barriers in Liquor Industry, Papers